Physico-chemical, Proximate and Fatty Acid Analysis of Animal Feeds Marketed in Sindh, Pakistan

Niaz Ali Malghani; Aftab Ahmed Kandhro; Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar; Samina Sohu; Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani

Niaz Ali Malghani Dr. M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76060, Sindh, Pakistan
Aftab Ahmed Kandhro Dr. M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76060, Sindh, Pakistan
Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76060, Sindh, Pakistan
Samina Sohu Dr. M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76060, Sindh, Pakistan
Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani Dr. M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76060, Sindh, Pakistan

Keywords: animal feed, proximate composition, oil quality, fatty acids, FT-IR

Abstract

In this study, the proximate, physico-chemical and fatty acid analysis were carried out to evaluate the quality of animal feeds (compound and seed cake) commercially available in Sindh, Pakistan. The proximate composition of feed was found as follows: moisture (5.0-12%), ash (0.5-3.2%), crude protein (9.19-2.47%), fibre (49.8-72.81%), carbohydrate (34.03-67.79%), energy value (1392.05-1679.23 KJ/mol) and oil content (0.8-10.5%). Official AOCS methods were used to evaluate the quality of animal feed oil. Higher free fatty acids (2.5-59%) and peroxide value (0.4-12 meq/Kg) were determined in feed oil. The fatty acid analysis revealed that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in animal feed oil were found in the range of 2.44 to 57.12% and 3.5 to 40.97%, respectively. Comparatively, compound animal feed showed better quality characteristics than seed cake. The proximate and chemical analysis of animal feed showed that oil present in animal feed supports good quality except for peroxide value and free fatty acid, whereas proximate composition still needs improvement.