Phytochemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) Dc. Grown in State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

Activities of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) in Azad Jammu Kashmir

Abstract

Plants and their bioactive components have a long history of use in both traditional and modern medicine. Pharmaceutical medications and phytotherapy is based on substances that are produced from plants. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 80% of the population still relies on these herbal medicines to cure their illnesses since they are simple to obtain, affordable and have less adverse effects than allopathic medications. Many Prosopis species have anthelmintic, antioxidant, antipyretic, antiulcer, cytotoxicity, antigiardial, amoebicidal and antipustule activity. Prosopis juliflora is wild plant native to Pakistan commonly known as jangli kikar has been used as a folk remedy for colds, dysentery, flu, inflammation, measles, sore throat, diarrhea and wound healing used in this study. The current research concludes the phytochemicals detection and biological prospective of different solvent extracts i.e. n- hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, 1-butanol and aqueous fractions of leaves, pods and bark of P. juliflora. Standard qualitative phytochemical screening exhibits that the P. juliflora contain alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, proteins, diterpenes, cumarins, steroids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, triterpenoids, quinones, carbohydrates and free amino acids. Quantitative analysis of total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoids contents (TFC) and antioxidant potency were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method, aluminum chloride calorimetric method, DPPH and ABTS analysis respectively. Antibacterial activity was also carried out against six pathogenic gram positive and gram negative bacteria i.e. Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilus, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilus, Klebsiella pneumoneae and Pseudomonas aeuroginosa by disc diffusion method. These standard analyses elaborates that all parts of P. juliflora exhibits prominent antibacterial and antioxidant potential, proves the extraordinary medicinal significance of this wild and easily available plant of Pakistan.